汉语动名兼类词作名词和动词时的声学语音差异The phonetic differences between noun usage and verb usage of noun-verb ambiguous words in Chinese
夏全胜;高凯;冉启斌;
摘要(Abstract):
本文以汉语普通话双音节动名兼类词为研究对象,考察它们做名词和动词时的音长和音高情况。通过线性混合模型发现,在控制了韵律边界大小、语速、性别等因素后,名词的第二音节时长比动词的更长,名词和动词的音高没有显著差异。这表明,汉语名词和动词的时长差异不是由韵律边界等因素引起的。论文分析认为,汉语名词、动词在时长上的差异应该来自于两个词类在信息负担量和音节数量上的差异。
关键词(KeyWords): 动名兼类词;名词;动词;时长;信息负担量;音节数量
基金项目(Foundation): 国家社科基金重大项目(21&ZD310);; 世界汉语教学学会“2021年全球中文教育主题学术活动资助计划”(SH21Y19);; 全国哲学社会科学工作办公室“国家社科基金优秀社科学术社团奖励性补助”(20STC016)的资助
作者(Authors): 夏全胜;高凯;冉启斌;
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- (1)目标词“chat”在“The kids began a chat in front of the museum.”和“The kids began to chat in front of the museum.”中分别作名词和动词,两个词类的成分结构(constitute structure)和句中位置一致,而名词的韵律边界大于动词的韵律边界。
- (2)“语料库在线”的数据来自国家语委现代汉语平衡语料库。该语料库是一个大规模的平衡语料库,包含1.2亿个词语,1.9亿个字符,语料选材类别广泛(例如:信件、说明书、报纸、教科书等),主题丰富(例如:政治、历史、经济、人文、社会科学和自然科学等)。
- (3)120个实验用句请见本刊官网“下载中心”,https://yyjx.cbpt.cnki.net/WKB3/WebPublication/wkList.aspx?navigationID=54253c13-816a-4cda-85b4-048f7444fa78&mid=yyjx。
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